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Fertility

Understanding Infertility: A Comprehensive Evaluation Approach

Fertility involves a complex interplay of physiological, hormonal, psychosexual, and emotional factors. A thorough evaluation examines these dimensions to help couples understand their reproductive health and consider appropriate clinical pathways.

  • Physical & Anatomical Assessment: Evaluation begins with investigating underlying medical factors in both partners. For women, this includes assessing ovarian reserve, ovulation, tubal patency, uterine anatomy, and endocrine markers (such as TSH, Prolactin, FSH, LH, and Progesterone). For men, semen analysis assesses sperm count, motility, and morphology. Identified medical factors are managed through evidence-based medications, minor interventions, or surgical procedures where indicated.
  • Psychosexual & Relationship Health: Sexual health concerns, intercourse timing, and related difficulties are evaluated with clinical sensitivity. Supportive counselling helps address psychosexual concerns that may impact conception.
  • Endocrine, Immune & Systemic Factors: Conception relies on synchronous biological processes including gamete maturation, fertilization, embryo transport, and implantation. These are coordinated by complex endocrine, metabolic, and immunological interactions, which are clinically investigated when indicated by patient history.
  • Psychosocial Well-being: Navigating fertility evaluations can bring emotional stress and family pressures. While emotional distress is a natural response to fertility challenges rather than their primary medical cause, psychological support and counselling form an integral part of holistic care.

Physical Factors:

fertility

TESTS DONE FOR MALE

A semen analysis measures semen volume, sperm quantity, concentration, morphology, and motility. The analysis also looks for white blood cells in the semen, which might indicate infection.

Hormone Analysis: Depending upon requirement.
Sonography of Scrotum: To diagnose Varicocele and size of testes.
Hormone Analysis: Depending upon requirement.
Sperm Function tests: Depending upon requirement.

TESTS DONE FOR FEMALE

  • Routine blood investigations
  • Hormone Analysis
  • USG
  • Follicular study
  • HSG
  • Laparoscopy
  • IUI
fertility
fertility

TESTS DONE FOR MALE

A semen analysis measures semen volume, sperm quantity, concentration, morphology, and motility. The analysis also looks for white blood cells in the semen, which might indicate infection.

Hormone Analysis: Depending upon requirement.
Sonography of Scrotum: To diagnose Varicocele and size of testes.
Hormone Analysis: Depending upon requirement.
Sperm Function tests: Depending upon requirement.

fertility

TESTS DONE FOR FEMALE

  • Routine blood investigations
  • Hormone Analysis
  • USG
  • Follicular study
  • HSG
  • Laparoscopy
  • IUI

Normal Semen Parameters:

Parameter Normal Range
Volume
2.0 ml
Sperm Concentration
>15 millions/ml
Motility
30%
Morphology
>4% normal forms
Vitality
75% live spermatozoa
pH

White Blood Cells
7.2-8.0

<01 million/ml

TESTS DONE FOR FEMALE :

Follicular study

It’s a sonography to know egg size , rate of growth,time of release and uterus lining thickness).
Post-coital test (to see sperms in cervical mucus collected 3-6 hrs after intercourse) is also done during follicular study.

HSG

X-ray to know tubal patency and shape of uterus.

Hormone analysis

Measurements of thyroid (TSH,T4), Prolactin, Androgens (Testosterone, DHEA-S), FSH and LH,AMH, Estrogenand Progestrone may be helpful in certain situations to further elucidate the cause of ovulatory and luteal problems.

Routine Blood Investigation

Routine blood tests help assess overall health and identify conditions such as anaemia, infections, blood sugar abnormalities, and other factors that may affect fertility. Additional tests may be recommended based on the patient's medical history.

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine the pelvic organs and diagnose conditions such as endometriosis, pelvic adhesions, and blocked fallopian tubes that may contribute to infertility. It may also allow treatment of certain abnormalities during the procedure.

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is useful for diagnosing and treating some problems that cause infertility, Septil Resection, miscarriages (eg., intrauterine adhesions, sub mucosal fibroids, endometrial polyps) and abnormal menstrual bleeding.

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